Just testing: A B C 1 1A 1B 1C 2 2A 2B 2C Same table with a trick: [table=head] A|B|C 1A|1B|1C 2A|2B|2C [/table] Trying to explain how 'table' tags work is a catch-22. If you enter the table tag, it gets converted into a table and the tag text disappears. So the challenge is how to defeat the tag rendering. By happy accident, I stumbled across a tag coding error that solves the catch-22. Bob Wilson
Inscrutable. But ETC(SS), as you may be a fella with the dolphin pin, could you say what [CO2] levels are regarded as safe and not so in submarines? It could be a matter of discussion elsewhere. Lithium hydroxide for all. Yatahey.
CO2 has always been a concern for submariners, but for reasons that are a little different than those of politicians, scientists and carbon traders. When you cram 150 of your best friends inside an armed, nuclear powered sewer pipe and submerge it beneath hundreds of feet of salt water lots of seemingly innocuous things become very non-trivial. Back in the day, we used a CAMS, or Central Air Monitoring System which was a combination mass spectrometer-infrared atmosphere monitor to measure atmosphere samples piped in from various locations throughout the boat. Concentrations of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen, water vapor, and three refrigerants (R-11, R-12, R-114) along with some other things were examined continuously and alarm values established. Every bubblehead knows ‘that headache’ that you get when the air gets a little out of geometry, but even waaaaay back when I was knocking holes in the water CO2 wasn’t the top turd in our pile of crap to worry about. This is because unless you’re tactically constrained (navigating by street lights, or trailing an adversary) or physically constrained (operating under ice) you can always go to periscope depth and snorkel to suck in some fresh, clean air. Submarines always have a unique odor. It used to be about equal parts fuel, food, and unwashed humans. That’s something that documentaries always miss when describing space flight, oceanography, or submarines. Modren boats smell a lot less like diesel fuel and unwashed people, but they have a unique smell from Amine---or alkylamines that are used in our (two) CO2 scrubbers that’s impossible to mistake for anything else. A submariner that’s exposed to that smell might exhibit the same behavior as a puppy exposed to the ‘veterinary smell’---and for about the same reason. You can always deal with CO2. It’s not rocket science…..except maybe the lithium hydroxide canisters that they use for the same purpose (we used them as a backup.) Just remember that the solution might stink a little.
When I spent a year on Okinawa, I learned what "stinking tropics" meant. About 50 miles away from landing, the cabin of the plane began to smell like a sewage plant and did not go away until we were 200 miles away a year later. It wasn't just the 'benjo' ditches but there is an odor that being 5 degrees from the equator just stinks. I spent two weeks on the North end of the island, away from any population where the Marines and Army played with our big toys. The barracks were close enough to hear the ocean all night long and it still stunk there. As for 'benjo' ditches, the Army Corps of Engineers decided closed sewers were the solution. The next typhoon pretty well converted the closed sewers back to 'benjo' ditches without benefit of engineering. Thereafter, they build concrete, "U" shaped, open sewer channels. Insect control minimized disease vectors. Bob Wilson
