Scary steering issue (steering wheel turns left and right by itself)

Discussion in 'Generation 1 Prius Discussion' started by landspeed, May 8, 2025 at 7:23 PM.

  1. landspeed

    landspeed Active Member

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    Just wondering if anyone had had a similar issue:

    I have been doing some long drives in my gen 1.5. It had a slight wheel imbalance (slight shakes at 10,20,40mph). At other speeds all was fine.

    I am parked up in the rain (and it is near midwinter here!) and won’t drive my car for now. The judder rapidly escalated, and I have found that the steering wheel turns itself left and right, back and forth, at low speeds.

    I have checked the steering by turning the steering wheel and looking at the tyres. Zero play is evident. However, I have noticed that the camber of the front wheels seems ‘negative’ (with the wheels splayed out as if I have missed the camber, except I haven’t!). At 9mph, the car moves sideways left and right, including if the steering wheel is held straight.

    I have looked under the car and nothing is hanging down etc. The weather makes it hard to look any closer; the weather will be good tomorrow, and I won’t drive till I know what is wrong, but was wondering if anyone had any ideas / experience of something similar (in particular, steering wheel turning left and right back and forth at low speed (worsening over the journey), sudden? negative camber, but zero play in steering, wheel bolts all on tight etc

    thank you :)
     
  2. landspeed

    landspeed Active Member

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    Edit : front wheels seem a little splayed ‘negative camber’ despite no modification; steering itself has zero play, remains precise etc, the issue persists even if ‘shifting to neutral’, doesn’t change under acceleration or braking, steering remains precise / no play on inspection or when I was driving.
     
  3. BiomedO1

    BiomedO1 Senior Member

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    Something is bent, broken or worn-out in your suspension system. Take it to an alignment shop for an official evaluation.
     
  4. ChapmanF

    ChapmanF Senior Member

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    I would begin by unplugging the electric motor power steering ECU behind the glove box and then doing some test driving.

    The car will, of course, take more effort to steer, at low speeds, such as in parking lots. At normal road speeds, the difference in effort is barely noticeable.

    The point would be to see whether this turning of the wheel is something the EMPS is doing. If so, it ought to cease with the steering ECU unplugged.

    The system uses a torque sensor built into the steering rack to detect how hard you are turning the wheel and in what direction. The ECU multiplies that by a number and adds that much force from the electric motor, as if you are stronger than you are.

    The torque sensor in the gen 1 steering rack has had problems since the early years. It was replaced with a different, no-moving-contacts design in gen 2. If the torque sensor is giving a spurious reading that you are turning the wheel to the left, say, the ECU will use the steering motor to do that for you.
     
  5. landspeed

    landspeed Active Member

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    Have just checked that - I couldn’t find the ECU (found a diagram saying it is under the steering column, and found a few plugs behind the glovebox) so : I found the EMPS relay under the bonnet, and pulled that - I get a red triangle after a PS warning, and steering is very heavy!

    Unfortunately, the problem persists even with the PS disabled (this might be a good thing cost-wise, depending on what else is going on!

    I am sure I am not imagining the front wheels being slightly splayed out (negative camber), but I might be imagining it.

    The worst thing is that this has been progressive, going from ‘I’m going to need a wheel alignment’ yesterday, to ‘this isn’t right’ this morning, to ‘I will take the back roads these last 7 miles so I can drive slowly’. Whatever it is, it is worsening progressively, giving zero chance to get home if I was to try.

    I am somewhere safe, and will try to get it checked out; am waiting on someone for a meeting (unrelated) before I can phone/ hopefully find a garage to get it checked out. Annoyingly it is now midday on Friday
     
  6. ChapmanF

    ChapmanF Senior Member

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    The diagram might be right for some other Prius generation. Have to be careful where to find diagrams like that.

    In gen 1, the steering ECU is right behind the glove box. It and the ECM are right next to each other against the right side of the car. The steering ECU has fewer wires (and about four of them are pretty thick).
     
  7. dolj

    dolj Senior Member

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    The OP seems to have stripped their model and location details from their profile, but I'm pretty sure they are NZ-based, so the Gen 1 will be a RHD JDM model. Location of ECUs may very well be different to where a US Prius owner might expect to find them.