Actual MPG vs. car's estimate, informative?

Discussion in 'Gen 2 Prius Care, Maintenance and Troubleshooting' started by pasadena_commut, Jun 15, 2026 at 1:33 PM.

  1. pasadena_commut

    pasadena_commut Senior Member

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    It is well established that the car's cumulative MPG display is optimistic. (Car mpg displays tend to be pretty uniformly optimistic, across all models and brands.) Last time I filled up the actual (pump gallons/miles, same pump at preceding and current fill) was ~41 but the car said ~43. Which makes me wonder, is there any useful information in these two numbers? Or is there just so much noise (from variation in tank fill and variation in car's estimate) that no comparison actually tells us anything useful?
     
  2. bisco

    bisco cookie crumbler

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    slightly useful, but I prefer long term averaging. when we go to Florida, there's quite a variation in each tank based on weather and driving conditions.
    after the 4,000 miles or so trip, I'm comfortable with the average.
    for a one tank trip, that fill up calculation is close enough for me. with a gen 2, you can usually get a good feel for the bladder with experience, and if it is filling to different levels at different times.
     
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  3. BiomedO1

    BiomedO1 Senior Member

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    By law; those numbers need to fall within + or -, 5%-10% of specifications, though most OEM will "juice" the numbers to land on the higher end of the standardized test. Their way of gaming the system. The same way OEM's claim their ATF is life-time; will last to the end of their warranty period.o_O:censored:
    I would trust a year long average of fill up tanks calculation averages over the built-in guess-o-meters. Luckily the MTE calculations are very pessimistic; as it should be.:whistle::love:

    YMMV
     
  4. pasadena_commut

    pasadena_commut Senior Member

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    Agreed on all of that.

    I was mostly wondering if the two values could be used to detect a problem. I'm going to make up an example for discussion sake. Let's say that one injector isn't working great, but it isn't so bad yet as to trigger a code. The car is always driven under the same conditions (routes, speeds, temperatures) and its estimated mpg (Mc) falls from ~43 to ~42 but the physical gas added / miles traveled (Mp) falls from ~41 to ~38. Let's use the formula (Mc-Mp)/Mc for the metric we are checking. It rises from .0465 to .0954. Conversely, if there is nothing wrong with the car, but the accuracy of both Mc and Mp is +/- 1mpg the expected range of the metric is (44-40)/44 to (42-42)/42, or .0909 to 0.0. In which case the .0954 is outside the expected range, but only just.

    I guess that pretty much answers the question, as the accuracy is probably worse than +/- 1mpg, for both methods, at least at the single tank level. If it is +/- 2 mpg then the high value becomes (45-39)/45=.133, which is well past the "problem" case, and no way to see the signal through the noise. Also if the Mp on my car fell from ~41 to ~38 for no obvious reason, and stayed there, that alone would be enough to make me wonder if there was a problem, regardless of whatever Mc showed.
     
  5. fuzzy1

    fuzzy1 Senior Member

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    By law? What law? I remain unaware of any legal regulation of MPG display accuracy.

    The accuracy of the EPA MPG estimates displayed on the Monroney window stickers are regulated. But this does not carry over to the dashboard MPG indicators.
     
  6. BiomedO1

    BiomedO1 Senior Member

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    I'm talking about the speedometer, you know one of the data points used to determine mpg. Other data points can also be manipulated to skew the results the testers want. Again; long term averages would get you a better picture of your own personnel driving style and commute parameters.
     
  7. TinyTim

    TinyTim Active Member

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    My best tanks when my Prius was new were between 55-59mpg average by the computer. They say the Pruis gen 4 tank is 11.3 gallons. I think the most I have put in my tank was 10.6 or 10.8 gallons but typically 9.6-9.8 gallons is what the pump shows when filled to the shutoff.

    I think the only way to truly measure your fuel economy would be to siphon your tank empty. Then measure 5 gallons and run the tank dry. I am not going to do that but others may want to give it try. Pump errors or outright theft at the pump can give you inaccurate measurements. There are a lot of people who put in 5 gallons and assume a lot of things when measuring fuel economy. Like they trust the pump and gas station owner too much. Or they assume how much fuel is in their Prius tank. The true size of the Prius fuel tank has been questioned for years.

    I put in a new 12V AGM battery in my Prius. My city fuel economy went up substantially. Highway fuel economy seems stable. My current tank is showing 52.1MPG. I will be putting in spring/summer blended gas shortly. It may be the same gas/ethanol mix as my last tank.

    If it were like new my Prius would get 55-57MPG without much effort. If I did more highway driving my fuel economy would be higher. A lot of my driving has been 2-3 miles. The Pruis does not like short trips for fuel economy. So 52MPG is pretty good for a 2017.
     
  8. fuzzy1

    fuzzy1 Senior Member

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    Neither you or pasadena_commut made any mention of the speedometer.

    And no, the speedometer is not part of the MPG calculation. The odometer is part of the calculation, but it is not regulated by law, only by product liability and defect lawsuits.

    Do remember that the manufacturer-intentional built-in speedometer and odometer biases are separate and different.
     
    #8 fuzzy1, Jun 15, 2026 at 8:37 PM
    Last edited: Jun 15, 2026 at 10:24 PM
  9. pasadena_commut

    pasadena_commut Senior Member

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    Illegal to tamper with one.

    49 USC Ch. 327: ODOMETERS

    Read that though and you will not find a numeric value for how accurate the device itself must be. Which brings up the question - why don't cars provide a way to adjust the odometer to match the tire diameter? That would be convenient not just for odometer accuracy, but also to get the speedometer where it should be. Most people would use that feature as intended, to make the odometer/speedometer correct. The larcenous ones would set it to read low so that when they sold the vehicle (or returned it at the end of a lease) the odometer would in effect have been tampered with. Although not much, the adjustment range would be what, plus/minus 3%?
     
  10. fuzzy1

    fuzzy1 Senior Member

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    ... which was the whole point of the above reply string.