Lawrence Berkeley improves Li/S batteries, doubles capacity of Li-ion | Electronista A team of Berkeley Lab battery researchers led by Elton Cairns has invented an improved lithium/sulfur (Li/S) cell that, for the first time with the sulfur-based technology, offers both long cycle life and a high discharge rate in addition to the inherently low cost and light weight of Li/S batteries. As an additional bonus, the materials for the battery are abundant, with no "conflict materials" used in production.