Proposed method for non-invasive head gasket failure detection

Discussion in 'Gen 3 Prius Care, Maintenance & Troubleshooting' started by Twoos, Jul 26, 2026 at 9:47 PM.

  1. Twoos

    Twoos New Member

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    TL:DR: Why has no one developed a cheap test to check for burnt coolant in tailpipe residue? A Google search says the chemistry exists.

    I am in the market for another Gen 3 Prius. I checked out the Gen 5s, and as beautiful as they are and as good as the specs are, the lower seating height is just too difficult for me to get into and out of comfortably. I am 54, with a bad knee, and I tend to keep cars for 15+ years. If I have this much difficulty getting in and out now, it ain't getting better when I'm pushing 70 :). I think Toyota made a mistake with this new design, but that is a rant for a different thread!

    I don't like the Gen 4s, so I am looking for a Gen 3. As we all know from this forum, blown head gaskets (and sellers making every attempt to hide blown head gaskets) are a big concern. Aside from experiencing the morning death rattle with your own senses (which is easy for a seller to hide by just running the car before you see it), all of the common ways to detect the failure are quite invasive. Pretty much every test I have seen (checking for residue on spark plug, washed cylinder head, boroscope looking for leak, cylinder leak down test, etc.) involve removing at least one spark plug. As I found when I was doing the EGR cleaning on my current Gen 3, this involves significant dissassembly of the engine compartment just to get access. This also ignores the damage you might do when removing the spark plug. Not many Facebook Marketplace sellers are going to let you do that amount of dissasembly when you haven't paid for the car yet. We know that the block testers that check for exhaust gasses in the coolant don't usually work, because that is not typically the way Gen 3 engines fail.

    This got me to thinking. Block testers work by checking for exhaust gasses in the coolant, where they have no business being. Well, coolant, or more specifically burnt coolant, has no business being in exhaust gas. I know if you see white smoke out of the tailpipe or if it smells sweet, that is a sign of burning coolant. The problem is this is also too easy for a seller to hide. Just run the engine long enough for the smoke / smell to go away.

    So I am thinking that coolant burned in the cylinder has to go somewhere. Detecting it on the spark plug visibly is possible, so why should it not also be detectable, at least in trace amounts chemically, on tailpipe residue? I started doing some searches, and it should be possible with a $75,000 gas chromatograph machine, which is clealry not practical. But there are other tests, that are much cheaper, that can detect the pressence of burnt glycol. Sure, they may have a huge false positive outcome, but is that really a problem?

    This seems like a good business opportunity for anyone who has the desire to explore. :)
     
  2. rjparker

    rjparker Tu Humilde Sirviente

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    The problem starts with a few coolant drops accumulated overnight by residual coolant pressure released after the engine cools down. A few seconds after startup the characteristic cold start misfire ceases, its too short for the ecu misfire detection to code and a minute or two later the extremely small leak is sealed for the rest of the day.

    Meanwhile the other three cylinders have no coolant burning at all. Dilution alone masks the issue which makes the combustion gasses in the coolant test fail.

    No overheating is required for head gasket problems on a gen3 Prius.

    If the head gasket is bad enough to cause observable coolant loss, combustion gas analysis might work. By then it will likely rattle with every traffic light stop start.

    Except the easiest coverup is available at every auto supply in town, eg coolant system sealer, which sometimes works for three weeks to three months. With this seller scam, a borescope and any other test is negative since there is no a leak for that period.

    If $5k-$10k is your budget, skip the gen3 Prius and buy a Rav4 or Camry with a conventional drivetrain. It may burn oil like a gen3 but they are not known for head gasket problems unless they overheat.

    The business opportunities are in rebuilt or JDM motor replacements to say nothing about hybrid batteries and brake boosters.
     
    #2 rjparker, Jul 26, 2026 at 10:59 PM
    Last edited: Jul 26, 2026 at 11:06 PM
  3. Mendel Leisk

    Mendel Leisk MMX GEN III

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    Yup, too easy for seller to not just mask symptoms, but "temporarily" stop the leak. And gum up everything the coolant runs through.

    Maybe somehow checking exhaust for evidence of coolant burn, and a fool-proof check for presence of stop-leak product in coolant?
     
  4. Leadfoot J. McCoalroller

    Leadfoot J. McCoalroller Senior Member

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    Keep in mind that several models of the Prius feature an exhaust-to-coolant heat exchanger, and I think the 3rd generation 1.8L is one of them.

    If that leaks, you get coolant burning in the exhaust even with a perfect seal at the head gasket. Your proposed test may cause you to reject more cars than intended, though that isn't necessarily bad.

    These days the price alone is almost good enough to be a warning- if it's low enough to be tempting there's a good chance something expensive is wrong with it.

    Remember, people trade in their problems and hang onto the good cars.
     
    CR94 and BiomedO1 like this.
  5. bisco

    bisco cookie crumbler

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    these days, I'd buy anything except a gen 3, and save myself a ton of money and headaches
     
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  6. CR94

    CR94 Senior Member

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    Yes, and they find Priuschat to seek advice on their problem cars, but most stay quiet about the good cars.