This is a fairly new problem.. seemed to have occurred after the master cylinder replacement (the under-dash resistor was not matched to the replacement ABS accumulator) ... push brake push power button and car dies with battery seemingly dead .. jump car from under hood .. car springs back to life ... this seems to happen more often when car 'hot' than on a cold start ...
Does this happen all of the time, or does it vary? When this happens, what voltage are you getting for 12v at the jump points under the hood? Before jumping the 12v under the hood, are there any warning lights being displayed or is the dash black? Have you tried using and OBD2 codes scanner for retrieving potentially stored DTCs (codes) ?
With connection problems like this, in addition to following @SFO's suggestions, you may want to take a look at your fuses, particularly the ones in the fuse box under the hood. We were having similarly random issues on our Gen 2, and I found some corrosion on a couple of our fuses. After I cleaned them up, we have had no more problems.
Are the connections at the 12V battery tight? At the battery posts, the 12V quick connects, and the negative body bolt. Posted via the PriusChat mobile app.
Just use the button titled "Health Check", and wait until results for all the ECUs are returned. Once finished, post the OBD2 codes (DTCs) in this thread for additional guidance and help.