I am OK with a statistical analysis that suggests something is going on. If that analysis reveals a credible model, I am inclined to follow BUT it has to be based on some understandings of physics, chemistry, and math. That is not this case. Bob Wilson
there are places on Earth surface where some temperature metrics covary with sunspot cycle. Tropical margins are known to me and there may be others. A possible proximate mechanism exists, higher-latitude cold air getting down there. An ultimate mechanism mechanism remains to be identified. Whole shebang needs to be tested. Global surface 'synoptic charts' have been made throughout satellite era. They may tell the tale. If they only persist on paper in some filing cabinet(s), those are pretty important cabinets Understand that this represents redistribution of heat across the planet, not a global response to sunspots. Several consecutive weak future solar cycles would reduce incoming energy by ~1 watt/m2. Not competitive with IR-absorption forcing increases in the view of many. To repeat myself, a decade of lower surface air T would attract a lot of attention. That happened most recently ca. 1970. Deeper ca. 1910. To repeat myself.
I asked Mr. Google: NASA GISS: Science Briefs: Do Variations in the Solar Cycle Affect Our Climate System? Sunspots and climate The Extratropical Northern Hemisphere Temperature Reconstruction during the Last Millennium Based on a Novel Method Understand I'm not in agreement with the claims as much as interested in the claims. It won't the first time I'm read something that I didn't find convincing. The real question is the order of magnitude of CO{2} warming vs solar radiance changes: solar radiance << CO{2} re-emissions solar radiance >> CO{2} re-emissions Bob Wilson
There are several studies of river-flow variation correlated with sunspot cycles. One I remember being quite long, but now I can't locate that. Anyway, in searching I found this: Frost fairs, sunspots and the Little Ice AgeSOLAR ASTRONOMY: LITTLE ICE AGE | Astronomy & Geophysics | Oxford Academic Quite 'accessible' to general readers and worthy of attention. The 'pdf button' is free download..
From this wiki Solar cycle - Wikipedia ref. 72 is a free download and others in that vicinity would require a small effort. Ineson (ref.70) proposes a mechanism related to solar UV flux, which varies strongly through solar cycle.
