Source: Refineries sprout in North Dakota, bucking the trend| Reuters Perhaps I'm missing something but I don't understand why refineries are not built co-located with the oil source. Perhaps Alaska is too cold (not sure about this) but gosh darn, North Dakota is not that far from the planned tar-sands oil pipeline. Refineries are chemical plants that can pretty much take any fossil fuel and convert it to useful products. For example, Coffeyville's refinery produces ammonia for fertilizer from the natural gas in the area. Bob Wilson