Here's a 2010 review paper on urban heat islands. http://www.ncrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/jrnl/2010/nrs_2010_heisler_001old.pdf I think you will find that the subject has attracted decades of careful study. Plate-2-3 has airport differential Ts with respect to some other local index station.
...wondering if Keeling measured air temps to go with that famous CO2 plot...would be intersting to see temp trend on that same spot.
Keeling made amazingly careful measurements of CO2 by manometry for years; you bet your boots that he measured temperature and air pressure. There is no T column on the Scripps Co2 dataset, but someone there probably has all the notebooks. Email easy enough, the issue would be whether somebody is available to transcribe. After years, the infrared gas analyzers (IRGA) became good enough to use instead, but there was a long period of intercalibration by Keeling. One still needs to measure T and P. With better IRGA, I doubt that a wonk/nerd still exists who would do manometry. But that was the world in the 1950's Now IRGA has been superceded by laser cavity spectrometers. They provide real time stable isotope ratios as well as CO2. You may have no idea how startlingly useful that is. Anyway, I want one. Feast your eyes: Frequently Asked Questions | Picarro
Mauna Kea obs T records here: MAUNA KEA OBSERVATORY 1, HAWAII - Climate Summary 30-yr avgs by day of year, 1961-2010 Not exactly what wjtracy asked, and for sure no indication that CDK was the thermometrist. But it may serve as an example of what T data is just a click away.